托福獨立寫作技法|“ 駁論 ”的套路
2020-10-30
下文以【立場:Agree】為例,示范essay的body部分,主要學(xué)習(xí)“駁論”這一論證套路。
寫作范文
Introduction
Paraphrase的簡單技巧:把題目給出的句子的賓語挪至主語位置 → Technologies – computers and smart phones as the typical – have occupied our children’s time. As a result, too many of our children stay in the indoors or stare at the screens all day long, ← 強(qiáng)烈暗示本文的立場 and seldom do we see that they play simple toys, such as the LEGO or jigsaw puzzles, or that they play outdoors with their peers. This is a pity.
Body
論證套路:承認(rèn)我的反方可能的advantage → The opponents may try to convince parents and teachers of the benefits of video games in promoting children’s intellectual development. They may make the case that the complexity of the games– the designs or plots–spurs thinking. Admittedly, in many of the games, children may need to think vigorously to comprehend the intricate relationships between the characters, and this may be when their intelligence develops. 同時發(fā)現(xiàn)這個advantage對應(yīng)的disadvantage → However, a complicated story of a game may have few blanks, and children are therefore deprived of the opportunity to use their imagination. 這個disadvantage對應(yīng)著我方的advantage → In fact, the imaginative mind is stimulated when children play simple toys. For example, children, with their imagination and creativity unrestrained, may use the LEGO blocks to build a great variety of things. They may construct a hospital, a fire station, a motorcycle, or aircraft that no one else could think about.
福利:“駁論”是GRE寫作的具體指令要求之一。
論證套路:考慮我的反方可能持有的觀點或采用的說辭 → To dispel the anxiety of many parents, proponents of modern technologies may argue that the games and devices will not disable children’s emotional or social functions because the social contexts created by the technology are highly similar to the real-life situations. 同時發(fā)現(xiàn)這個說辭的flaw → At this point, could those concerned parents be convinced? They may not be. (措辭技巧:設(shè)問,語氣強(qiáng)于陳述。) There remains a critical discrepancy between the virtual context and the real one. 舉例去illustrate這個critical discrepancy → For example, many children are found to have the dysfunction in their interaction with people who are physically present (定語從句有強(qiáng)調(diào)定語的作用), particularly when the people are the opposite sex. 這個critical flaw對應(yīng)著我方的advantage → In fact, it is only when children are physically together with their peers that their emotion and sociability develop properly. The outdoor play time in which children are physically present creates the chance for the emotions to be communicated, understood and exchanged without the screen as the obstacle or masque. Having the chance is essential in children’s emotional development.
福利:“駁論”是GRE寫作的具體指令要求之一。
如果有三個理由,那么兩大(篇幅長)一小(篇幅小),或者兩小(篇幅小)一大(篇幅長)。In addition, although technology enables children to exercise indoors, outdoor activities are more desirable/preferable, because the ceilings and wallsconfine children. The outdoor is the best playground for children to act out their wills, desires, and ideas.
Conclusion
Fortunately, today can be just like the old times, because the LEGO and jigsaw puzzles are still available. For better development of the brain and of the character, children should play simple toys or be outside with their friends.
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